1Finally then, brothers, we implore you and exhort you in the Lord Jesus, that — even as you received from us in what manner it behooves you to walk and to please God, even as also you walk now — that you may abound more. [4:2] For you know what instructions we gave you through the Lord Jesus. [4:3] For this is the will of God: your sanctification — that you abstain from sexual immorality; [4:4] that each of you know how to possess his own vessel in holiness and honor, [4:5] not in the passion of lust, as also the Gentiles who do not know God; [4:6] not to go beyond and overreach his brother in the matter — because the Lord is the avenger concerning all these things, even as also we told you beforehand and thoroughly warned you. [4:7] For God has not called us to impurity, but into holiness. [4:8] So then, the one rejecting this disregards not man but God, the One giving also His Holy Spirit into you. [4:9] Concerning now brotherly love, you have no need for me to write to you; for you yourselves are taught by God in order to love one another. [4:10] And indeed you are doing this toward all the brothers in all Macedonia. We exhort you, however, brothers, to abound more. [4:11] and to make it your ambition to live quietly, and to attend to your own things, and to work with your own hands, even as we commanded you, [4:12] so that you may walk properly toward those outside, and may have need of no one.
1TH 4:1-12
Living to Please God
In the world it was spoken into
In Thessalonica, a bustling Roman colony with a mixed population of Greeks, Romans, and Jews, Paul’s letter addresses a community navigating the tension between their new faith and the prevailing Greco-Roman culture. Sexual ethics were a key point of distinction. Greco-Roman society often viewed sexual behavior as a matter of personal indulgence or social status, with little moral constraint outside of familial honor. Paul’s call to abstain from (sexual immorality) and to control one’s (vessel, likely referring to the body or spouse) in holiness and honor would have stood in stark contrast to these norms. The emphasis on not transgressing boundaries or taking advantage of others reflects a concern for communal harmony and mutual respect, countering the exploitative tendencies of the broader culture. This instruction aligns with Jewish ethical teachings on purity while addressing the specific challenges of a Gentile-dominated urban context.
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How other translations render this
1TH 4:1
- KJV
- Furthermore then we beseech you, brethren, and exhort you by the Lord Jesus, that as ye have received of us how ye ought to walk and to please God, so ye would abound more and more.
- BSB
- Finally, brothers, we ask and encourage you in the Lord Jesus to live in a way that is pleasing to God, just as you have received from us. This is how you already live, so you should do so all the more.
- Koinōnos
- Finally then, brothers, we implore you and exhort you in the Lord Jesus, that — even as you received from us in what manner it behooves you to walk and to please God, even as also you walk now — that you may abound more.
1TH 4:2
- KJV
- For ye know what commandments we gave you by the Lord Jesus.
- BSB
- For you know the instructions we gave you by the authority of the Lord Jesus.
- Koinōnos
- For you know what instructions we gave you through the Lord Jesus.
1TH 4:3
- KJV
- For this is the will of God, even your sanctification, that ye should abstain from fornication:
- BSB
- For it is Godʼs will that you should be holy: You must abstain from sexual immorality;
- Koinōnos
- For this is the will of God: your sanctification — that you abstain from sexual immorality;
1TH 4:4
- KJV
- That every one of you should know how to possess his vessel in sanctification and honour;
- BSB
- each of you must know how to control his own body in holiness and honor,
- Koinōnos
- that each of you know how to possess his own vessel in holiness and honor,
1TH 4:5
- KJV
- Not in the lust of concupiscence, even as the Gentiles which know not God:
- BSB
- not in lustful passion like the Gentiles who do not know God;
- Koinōnos
- not in the passion of lust, as also the Gentiles who do not know God;
1TH 4:6
- KJV
- That no man go beyond and defraud his brother in any matter: because that the Lord is the avenger of all such, as we also have forewarned you and testified.
- BSB
- and no one should ever violate or exploit his brother in this regard, because the Lord will avenge all such acts, as we have already told you and solemnly warned you.
- Koinōnos
- not to go beyond and overreach his brother in the matter — because the Lord is the avenger concerning all these things, even as also we told you beforehand and thoroughly warned you.
1TH 4:7
- KJV
- For God hath not called us unto uncleanness, but unto holiness.
- BSB
- For God has not called us to impurity, but to holiness.
- Koinōnos
- For God has not called us to impurity, but into holiness.
1TH 4:8
- KJV
- He therefore that despiseth, despiseth not man, but God, who hath also given unto us his holy Spirit.
- BSB
- Anyone, then, who rejects this command does not reject man but God, the very One who gives you His Holy Spirit.
- Koinōnos
- So then, the one rejecting this disregards not man but God, the One giving also His Holy Spirit into you.
1TH 4:9
- KJV
- But as touching brotherly love ye need not that I write unto you: for ye yourselves are taught of God to love one another.
- BSB
- Now about brotherly love, you do not need anyone to write to you, because you yourselves have been taught by God to love one another.
- Koinōnos
- Concerning now brotherly love, you have no need for me to write to you; for you yourselves are taught by God in order to love one another.
1TH 4:10
- KJV
- And indeed ye do it toward all the brethren which are in all Macedonia: but we beseech you, brethren, that ye increase more and more;
- BSB
- And you are indeed showing this love to all the brothers throughout Macedonia. But we urge you, brothers, to excel more and more
- Koinōnos
- And indeed you are doing this toward all the brothers in all Macedonia. We exhort you, however, brothers, to abound more.
1TH 4:11
- KJV
- And that ye study to be quiet, and to do your own business, and to work with your own hands, as we commanded you;
- BSB
- and to aspire to live quietly, to attend to your own matters, and to work with your own hands, as we instructed you.
- Koinōnos
- and to make it your ambition to live quietly, and to attend to your own things, and to work with your own hands, even as we commanded you,
1TH 4:12
- KJV
- That ye may walk honestly toward them that are without, and that ye may have lack of nothing.
- BSB
- Then you will behave properly toward outsiders, without being dependent on anyone.
- Koinōnos
- so that you may walk properly toward those outside, and may have need of no one.
Only verses where the wording diverges meaningfully are shown. Identical phrasings are suppressed.
Translator's notes
1TH 4:4
- vessel:The word translated 'vessel' here could refer to any kind of implement or container, but in this context, it likely refers to one's body or, more broadly, one's spouse.
- to control:The term used here for 'to control' or 'to possess' implies acquiring something for oneself, often with the nuance of taking possession or making something one's own.
1TH 4:6
- to go beyond:The word translated 'to go beyond' literally means to step over or transgress a boundary, implying an act of overstepping limits or violating a standard.
- to overreach:The word translated 'to overreach' carries the strong sense of taking advantage of someone, exploiting them, or seeking to gain more than one's fair share, often through deceit.