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ACT 15:5-21

The Council at Jerusalem

5Now some from the sect of the Pharisees who had believed rose up, saying, "It is necessary to circumcise them and to command them to keep the Law of Moses." [15:6] Then the apostles and the elders were gathered together to look into this matter. [15:7] Now after much controversy had taken place, Peter, having risen up, said to them: "Men, brothers, you yourselves know that from early days God chose among you, through my mouth, for the Gentiles to hear the word of the gospel and to believe. [15:8] And the heart-knowing God bore witness to them, having given the Holy Spirit to them even as also to us; [15:9] and he made no distinction between us and them, having purified their hearts by faith. [15:10] Now therefore why are you testing God by putting a yoke upon the neck of the disciples that neither our fathers nor we ourselves were able to bear? [15:11] But we believe to be saved through the grace of the Lord Jesus, in the same manner as they also." [15:12] Now all the multitude kept silent and were listening to Barnabas and Paul relating how many signs and wonders God did among the Gentiles through them. [15:13] Now after they were silent, James answered, saying: "Men, brothers, do hear me. [15:14] Simeon has related just as God first visited to take out of the Gentiles a people for his name; [15:15] and with this the words of the prophets agree, as it is written: [15:16] 'After these things I will return and rebuild the tent of David that has fallen; and I will rebuild its ruins and set it up again, [15:17] so that the rest of mankind may seek the Lord, and all the Gentiles upon whom my name has been called, says the Lord, who makes all these things [15:18] known from of old.' [15:19] Therefore my judgment is not to trouble those from the Gentiles who are turning to God, [15:20] but to write to them to abstain from the defilements of idols and from sexual immorality and from what is strangled and from blood. [15:21] For Moses from ancient generations has those who proclaim him in every city, being read aloud in the synagogues every Sabbath."

In the world it was spoken into

In the 1st century, the debate over circumcision and adherence to the Mosaic Law was a central issue for Jewish communities, particularly among the Pharisees, who emphasized strict observance. The term (sect) here refers to a distinct group within Judaism, not just a theological faction but a way of life tied to Jewish identity. The Pharisees’ insistence on circumcision reflects their concern for maintaining Jewish purity and covenantal identity in a Greco-Roman world where Gentile inclusion threatened these boundaries. The (yoke) of the Law was understood as both a mark of divine favor and a heavy burden, particularly for Gentiles unfamiliar with Jewish customs. The (multitude) gathered at Jerusalem signifies a formal, communal decision-making process, typical of Jewish councils. The (pollutions) of idols highlights Jewish concerns about Gentile practices, such as idolatry and ritual impurity, which were deeply offensive to Jewish sensibilities. This council’s decision reflects a negotiation between Jewish tradition and the expanding inclusion of Gentiles in the early Jesus movement.

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How other translations render this

ACT 15:5

KJV
But there rose up certain of the sect of the Pharisees which believed, saying, That it was needful to circumcise them, and to command them to keep the law of Moses.
BSB
But some believers from the party of the Pharisees stood up and declared, “The Gentiles must be circumcised and required to obey the law of Moses.”
Koinōnos
Now some from the sect of the Pharisees who had believed rose up, saying, "It is necessary to circumcise them and to command them to keep the Law of Moses.

ACT 15:6

KJV
And the apostles and elders came together for to consider of this matter.
BSB
So the apostles and elders met to look into this matter.
Koinōnos
Then the apostles and the elders were gathered together to look into this matter.

ACT 15:7

KJV
And when there had been much disputing, Peter rose up, and said unto them, Men and brethren, ye know how that a good while ago God made choice among us, that the Gentiles by my mouth should hear the word of the gospel, and believe.
BSB
After much discussion, Peter got up and said to them, “Brothers, you know that in the early days God made a choice among you that the Gentiles would hear from my lips the message of the gospel and believe.
Koinōnos
Now after much controversy had taken place, Peter, having risen up, said to them: "Men, brothers, you yourselves know that from early days God chose among you, through my mouth, for the Gentiles to hear the word of the gospel and to believe.

ACT 15:8

KJV
And God, which knoweth the hearts, bare them witness, giving them the Holy Ghost, even as he did unto us;
BSB
And God, who knows the heart, showed His approval by giving the Holy Spirit to them, just as He did to us.
Koinōnos
And the heart-knowing God bore witness to them, having given the Holy Spirit to them even as also to us;

ACT 15:9

KJV
And put no difference between us and them, purifying their hearts by faith.
BSB
He made no distinction between us and them, for He cleansed their hearts by faith.
Koinōnos
and he made no distinction between us and them, having purified their hearts by faith.

ACT 15:10

KJV
Now therefore why tempt ye God, to put a yoke upon the neck of the disciples, which neither our fathers nor we were able to bear?
BSB
Now then, why do you test God by placing on the necks of the disciples a yoke that neither we nor our fathers have been able to bear?
Koinōnos
Now therefore why are you testing God by putting a yoke upon the neck of the disciples that neither our fathers nor we ourselves were able to bear?

ACT 15:11

KJV
But we believe that through the grace of the LORD Jesus Christ we shall be saved, even as they.
BSB
On the contrary, we believe it is through the grace of the Lord Jesus that we are saved, just as they are.”
Koinōnos
But we believe to be saved through the grace of the Lord Jesus, in the same manner as they also.

ACT 15:12

KJV
Then all the multitude kept silence, and gave audience to Barnabas and Paul, declaring what miracles and wonders God had wrought among the Gentiles by them.
BSB
The whole assembly fell silent as they listened to Barnabas and Paul describing the signs and wonders God had done among the Gentiles through them.
Koinōnos
Now all the multitude kept silent and were listening to Barnabas and Paul relating how many signs and wonders God did among the Gentiles through them.

ACT 15:13

KJV
And after they had held their peace, James answered, saying, Men and brethren, hearken unto me:
BSB
When they had finished speaking, James declared, “Brothers, listen to me!
Koinōnos
Now after they were silent, James answered, saying: "Men, brothers, do hear me.

ACT 15:14

KJV
Simeon hath declared how God at the first did visit the Gentiles, to take out of them a people for his name.
BSB
Simon has told us how God first visited the Gentiles to take from them a people to be His own.
Koinōnos
Simeon has related just as God first visited to take out of the Gentiles a people for his name;

ACT 15:15

KJV
And to this agree the words of the prophets; as it is written,
BSB
The words of the prophets agree with this, as it is written:
Koinōnos
and with this the words of the prophets agree, as it is written:

ACT 15:16

KJV
After this I will return, and will build again the tabernacle of David, which is fallen down; and I will build again the ruins thereof, and I will set it up:
BSB
‘After this I will return and rebuild the fallen tent of David. Its ruins I will rebuild, and I will restore it,
Koinōnos
After these things I will return and rebuild the tent of David that has fallen; and I will rebuild its ruins and set it up again,

ACT 15:17

KJV
That the residue of men might seek after the Lord, and all the Gentiles, upon whom my name is called, saith the Lord, who doeth all these things.
BSB
so that the remnant of men may seek the Lord, and all the Gentiles who are called by My name, says the Lord who does these things
Koinōnos
so that the rest of mankind may seek the Lord, and all the Gentiles upon whom my name has been called, says the Lord, who makes all these things

ACT 15:18

KJV
Known unto God are all his works from the beginning of the world.
BSB
that have been known for ages.’
Koinōnos
known from of old.

ACT 15:19

KJV
Wherefore my sentence is, that we trouble not them, which from among the Gentiles are turned to God:
BSB
It is my judgment, therefore, that we should not cause trouble for the Gentiles who are turning to God.
Koinōnos
Therefore my judgment is not to trouble those from the Gentiles who are turning to God,

ACT 15:20

KJV
But that we write unto them, that they abstain from pollutions of idols, and from fornication, and from things strangled, and from blood.
BSB
Instead, we should write and tell them to abstain from food polluted by idols, from sexual immorality, from the meat of strangled animals, and from blood.
Koinōnos
but to write to them to abstain from the defilements of idols and from sexual immorality and from what is strangled and from blood.

ACT 15:21

KJV
For Moses of old time hath in every city them that preach him, being read in the synagogues every sabbath day.
BSB
For Moses has been proclaimed in every city from ancient times and is read in the synagogues on every Sabbath.”
Koinōnos
For Moses from ancient generations has those who proclaim him in every city, being read aloud in the synagogues every Sabbath.

Only verses where the wording diverges meaningfully are shown. Identical phrasings are suppressed.

Where the historical framing draws from

  • Josephus, AntiquitiesAntiquities 18.1.2
Josephus, Antiquities Antiquities 18.1.2

The Jews had for a great while had three sects of philosophy peculiar to themselves; the sect of the Essens, and the sect of the Sadducees, and the third sort of opinions was that of those called Pharisees

Cited to ground: The term (sect) here refers to a distinct group within Judaism, not just a theological faction but a way of life tied to Jewish identity.

Translator's notes

ACT 15:5

  • sect:The word translated 'sect' here refers to a distinct group or school of thought within a larger body, often with its own specific doctrines or practices. It doesn't necessarily carry the negative connotation that 'sect' can have in modern English.

ACT 15:10

  • a yoke:The term 'a yoke' refers to a wooden frame fitted over the necks of two animals, typically oxen, to harness them together for plowing or pulling a cart. It symbolizes a burden or servitude.

ACT 15:12

  • multitude:The word translated 'multitude' indicates a large crowd or assembly of people, emphasizing the sheer number present and their collective presence.

ACT 15:20

  • the:The word translated 'defilement' refers to ritual impurity or pollution, particularly in a religious context, making something unfit for sacred use or worship.