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ACT 22:1-21

Paulʼs Defense to the Crowd

1"Brothers and fathers, listen now to my defense before you." [22:2] When they heard that he was addressing them in the Hebrew language, they became even more quiet. He said: [22:3] "I am a Jewish man, born in Tarsus of Cilicia, but brought up in this city — educated at the feet of Gamaliel, trained strictly according to the ancestral Law, being zealous for God, just as all of you are today. [22:4] I persecuted the Way to the death, binding and delivering to prisons both men and women, [22:5] as the high priest and the whole council of elders can testify for me. From them I also received letters to the brothers in Damascus and was going there to bring those who were there as prisoners to Jerusalem to be punished. [22:6] While I was on my way and approaching Damascus, about midday, a bright light from heaven suddenly flashed around me. [22:7] I fell to the ground and heard a voice saying to me: 'Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting me?' [22:8] I answered: 'Who are you, Lord?' He said to me: 'I am Jesus the Nazarene, whom you are persecuting.' [22:9] Those who were with me saw the light but did not hear the voice of the one speaking to me. [22:10] I said: 'What shall I do, Lord?' The Lord said to me: 'Get up and go into Damascus, and there you will be told about everything that has been appointed for you to do.' [22:11] Since I could not see because of the brightness of that light, being led by the hand by those who were with me, I came into Damascus. [22:12] A certain Ananias, a devout man according to the Law, well spoken of by all the Jews living there, [22:13] came to me and stood beside me and said: 'Brother Saul, receive your sight!' At that very hour I looked up and saw him. [22:14] He said: 'The God of our fathers has appointed you to know His will and to see the Righteous One and to hear a voice from His mouth. [22:15] For you will be a witness for Him to all people of what you have seen and heard. [22:16] And now, why do you delay? Rise and be baptized and do yourself wash away your sins, calling on His name.' [22:17] When I returned to Jerusalem and was praying in the temple, I fell into a trance [22:18] and saw Him saying to me: 'Hurry and get out of Jerusalem quickly, because they will not accept your testimony about me.' [22:19] And I said: 'Lord, they themselves know that I was imprisoning and beating in synagogue after synagogue those who believed in you. [22:20] And when the blood of your witness Stephen was being shed, I also was standing by and approving and watching over the garments of those who were killing him.' [22:21] And He said to me: 'Go — for I will send you far away to the Gentiles.' "

In the world it was spoken into

In Acts 22:1-21, Paul addresses a Jewish crowd in Jerusalem, leveraging his identity as a Jew to establish credibility. His mention of being 'brought up at the feet of Gamaliel' would resonate deeply with his audience, as it reflects the traditional Jewish method of discipleship, where students sat at the feet of a rabbi to learn Torah. Gamaliel was a renowned Pharisee and teacher, and Paul’s association with him underscores his elite Jewish education and strict adherence to the Law . Paul’s claim to have persecuted 'the Way' would have been understood as a reference to the early Christian movement, which was seen by many Jews as a heretical sect. His recounting of his Damascus Road experience, where he was instructed to 'wash away' his sins, employs baptismal language familiar to both Jews and early Christians, emphasizing repentance and ritual purity. Paul’s defense hinges on his Jewish credentials while framing his conversion as a divine calling, a tension his audience would have found both compelling and contentious.

See the receipts

How other translations render this

ACT 22:1

KJV
Men, brethren, and fathers, hear ye my defence which I make now unto you.
BSB
“Brothers and fathers, listen now to my defense before you.”
Koinōnos
Brothers and fathers, listen now to my defense before you.

ACT 22:2

KJV
(And when they heard that he spake in the Hebrew tongue to them, they kept the more silence: and he saith,)
BSB
When they heard him speak to them in Hebrew, they became even more silent. Then Paul declared,
Koinōnos
When they heard that he was addressing them in the Hebrew language, they became even more quiet. He said:

ACT 22:3

KJV
I am verily a man which am a Jew, born in Tarsus, a city in Cilicia, yet brought up in this city at the feet of Gamaliel, and taught according to the perfect manner of the law of the fathers, and was zealous toward God, as ye all are this day.
BSB
“I am a Jew, born in Tarsus of Cilicia, but raised in this city. I was educated at the feet of Gamaliel in strict conformity to the law of our fathers. I was just as zealous for God as any of you are today.
Koinōnos
I am a Jewish man, born in Tarsus of Cilicia, but brought up in this city — educated at the feet of Gamaliel, trained strictly according to the ancestral Law, being zealous for God, just as all of you are today.

ACT 22:4

KJV
And I persecuted this way unto the death, binding and delivering into prisons both men and women.
BSB
I persecuted this Way even to the death, detaining both men and women and throwing them into prison,
Koinōnos
I persecuted the Way to the death, binding and delivering to prisons both men and women,

ACT 22:5

KJV
As also the high priest doth bear me witness, and all the estate of the elders: from whom also I received letters unto the brethren, and went to Damascus, to bring them which were there bound unto Jerusalem, for to be punished.
BSB
as the high priest and the whole Council can testify about me. I even obtained letters from them to their brothers in Damascus, and I was on my way to apprehend these people and bring them to Jerusalem to be punished.
Koinōnos
as the high priest and the whole council of elders can testify for me. From them I also received letters to the brothers in Damascus and was going there to bring those who were there as prisoners to Jerusalem to be punished.

ACT 22:6

KJV
And it came to pass, that, as I made my journey, and was come nigh unto Damascus about noon, suddenly there shone from heaven a great light round about me.
BSB
About noon as I was approaching Damascus, suddenly a bright light from heaven flashed around me.
Koinōnos
While I was on my way and approaching Damascus, about midday, a bright light from heaven suddenly flashed around me.

ACT 22:7

KJV
And I fell unto the ground, and heard a voice saying unto me, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?
BSB
I fell to the ground and heard a voice say to me, ‘Saul, Saul, why do you persecute Me?’
Koinōnos
I fell to the ground and heard a voice saying to me: 'Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting me?

ACT 22:8

KJV
And I answered, Who art thou, Lord? And he said unto me, I am Jesus of Nazareth, whom thou persecutest.
BSB
‘Who are You, Lord?’ I asked. ‘I am Jesus of Nazareth, whom you are persecuting,’ He replied.
Koinōnos
I answered: 'Who are you, Lord?' He said to me: 'I am Jesus the Nazarene, whom you are persecuting.

ACT 22:9

KJV
And they that were with me saw indeed the light, and were afraid; but they heard not the voice of him that spake to me.
BSB
My companions saw the light, but they could not understand the voice of the One speaking to me.
Koinōnos
Those who were with me saw the light but did not hear the voice of the one speaking to me.

ACT 22:10

KJV
And I said, What shall I do, LORD? And the Lord said unto me, Arise, and go into Damascus; and there it shall be told thee of all things which are appointed for thee to do.
BSB
Then I asked, ‘What should I do, Lord?’ ‘Get up and go into Damascus,’ He told me. ‘There you will be told all that you have been appointed to do.’
Koinōnos
I said: 'What shall I do, Lord?' The Lord said to me: 'Get up and go into Damascus, and there you will be told about everything that has been appointed for you to do.

ACT 22:11

KJV
And when I could not see for the glory of that light, being led by the hand of them that were with me, I came into Damascus.
BSB
Because the brilliance of the light had blinded me, my companions led me by the hand into Damascus.
Koinōnos
Since I could not see because of the brightness of that light, being led by the hand by those who were with me, I came into Damascus.

ACT 22:12

KJV
And one Ananias, a devout man according to the law, having a good report of all the Jews which dwelt there,
BSB
There a man named Ananias, a devout observer of the law who was highly regarded by all the Jews living there,
Koinōnos
A certain Ananias, a devout man according to the Law, well spoken of by all the Jews living there,

ACT 22:13

KJV
Came unto me, and stood, and said unto me, Brother Saul, receive thy sight. And the same hour I looked up upon him.
BSB
came and stood beside me. ‘Brother Saul,’ he said, ‘receive your sight.’ And at that moment I could see him.
Koinōnos
came to me and stood beside me and said: 'Brother Saul, receive your sight!' At that very hour I looked up and saw him.

ACT 22:14

KJV
And he said, The God of our fathers hath chosen thee, that thou shouldest know his will, and see that Just One, and shouldest hear the voice of his mouth.
BSB
Then he said, ‘The God of our fathers has appointed you to know His will, and to see the Righteous One, and to hear His voice.
Koinōnos
He said: 'The God of our fathers has appointed you to know His will and to see the Righteous One and to hear a voice from His mouth.

ACT 22:15

KJV
For thou shalt be his witness unto all men of what thou hast seen and heard.
BSB
You will be His witness to everyone of what you have seen and heard.
Koinōnos
For you will be a witness for Him to all people of what you have seen and heard.

ACT 22:16

KJV
And now why tarriest thou? arise, and be baptized, and wash away thy sins, calling on the name of the Lord.
BSB
And now what are you waiting for? Get up, be baptized, and wash your sins away, calling on His name.’
Koinōnos
And now, why do you delay? Rise and be baptized and do yourself wash away your sins, calling on His name.

ACT 22:17

KJV
And it came to pass, that, when I was come again to Jerusalem, even while I prayed in the temple, I was in a trance;
BSB
Later, when I had returned to Jerusalem and was praying at the temple, I fell into a trance
Koinōnos
When I returned to Jerusalem and was praying in the temple, I fell into a trance

ACT 22:18

KJV
And saw him saying unto me, Make haste, and get thee quickly out of Jerusalem: for they will not receive thy testimony concerning me.
BSB
and saw the Lord saying to me, ‘Hurry! Leave Jerusalem quickly, because the people here will not accept your testimony about Me.’
Koinōnos
and saw Him saying to me: 'Hurry and get out of Jerusalem quickly, because they will not accept your testimony about me.

ACT 22:19

KJV
And I said, Lord, they know that I imprisoned and beat in every synagogue them that believed on thee:
BSB
‘Lord,’ I answered, ‘they know very well that in one synagogue after another I imprisoned and beat those who believed in You.
Koinōnos
And I said: 'Lord, they themselves know that I was imprisoning and beating in synagogue after synagogue those who believed in you.

ACT 22:20

KJV
And when the blood of thy martyr Stephen was shed, I also was standing by, and consenting unto his death, and kept the raiment of them that slew him.
BSB
And when the blood of Your witness Stephen was shed, I stood there giving my approval and watching over the garments of those who killed him.’
Koinōnos
And when the blood of your witness Stephen was being shed, I also was standing by and approving and watching over the garments of those who were killing him.

ACT 22:21

KJV
And he said unto me, Depart: for I will send thee far hence unto the Gentiles.
BSB
Then He said to me, ‘Go! I will send you far away to the Gentiles.’”
Koinōnos
And He said to me: 'Go — for I will send you far away to the Gentiles.'

Only verses where the wording diverges meaningfully are shown. Identical phrasings are suppressed.

Translator's notes

ACT 22:3

  • the:The word translated 'the' here is part of an idiom meaning 'at the feet of' or 'under the instruction of,' indicating a position of discipleship and learning.
  • of Gamaliel:The word translated 'of Gamaliel' is from a verb meaning 'to educate' or 'to discipline,' implying a rigorous and thorough training, often with moral instruction.

ACT 22:4

  • Way:The term 'Way' here refers to a specific religious movement or manner of life, not just a physical path. It was an early designation for the Christian faith.

ACT 22:16

  • do yourself wash away:The phrase 'do yourself wash away' uses a verb that implies a washing for purification, specifically to cleanse from defilement, often with a ritual or symbolic significance.