1For the Law, having a shadow of the good things to come — not the very form of those realities — is never able, by the same sacrifices that are offered year after year continuously, to perfect those who draw near. [10:2] Otherwise, would they not have ceased being offered? — since the worshipers, having been cleansed once, would no longer have any consciousness of sins. [10:3] But in those sacrifices there is a yearly recall of sins, [10:4] for it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins. [10:5] Therefore, coming into the world, he says: 'Sacrifice and offering you did not desire, but a body you prepared for me; [10:6] in whole burnt offerings and sin offerings you took no pleasure. [10:7] Then I said, See, I have come — in the scroll of the book it is written concerning me — to do your will, O God.' [10:8] Saying above, 'Sacrifices and offerings and whole burnt offerings and sin offerings you neither desired nor took pleasure in' — those which are offered according to the Law — [10:9] then he has said, 'See, I have come to do your will.' He takes away the first in order to establish the second. [10:10] By that will we have been set apart through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. [10:11] And every priest stands daily, serving and offering the same sacrifices repeatedly, which are never able to take away sins; [10:12] but this one, having offered a single sacrifice for sins, sat down in perpetuity at the right hand of God, [10:13] from that point waiting until his enemies are placed as a footstool for his feet. [10:14] For by a single offering he has brought to completion in perpetuity those who are being set apart. [10:15] And the Holy Spirit also bears witness to us; for after having said: [10:16] 'This is the covenant I will covenant with them after those days, says the Lord: giving my laws upon their hearts, I will also write them upon their understanding' — [10:17] 'and their sins and their lawless deeds I will remember no more.' [10:18] Now where there is remission of these, there is no longer an offering for sin.
HEB 10:1-18
Christʼs Perfect Sacrifice
In the world it was spoken into
In the first century, the Jewish sacrificial system was deeply embedded in the religious and cultural life of Second Temple Judaism. The Temple in Jerusalem was the focal point of this system, where priests offered daily sacrifices, including bulls and goats, to atone for sins. These sacrifices were understood as temporary measures, requiring repetition year after year. The author of Hebrews critiques this system by contrasting it with the once-for-all sacrifice of Christ. The term (skia) highlights the sacrificial system as a mere shadow or outline of the true reality found in Christ’s sacrifice. The repeated offerings served as a reminder of sins (, syneidēsis) but could not fully cleanse the conscience. Christ’s sacrifice, described as (teleioō), brings perfection and completion, fulfilling the true intent of the Law. This argument would resonate with Jewish Christians familiar with the Temple rituals and Gentile converts grappling with the superiority of Christ’s sacrifice over pagan and Jewish practices.
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How other translations render this
HEB 10:1
- KJV
- For the law having a shadow of good things to come, and not the very image of the things, can never with those sacrifices which they offered year by year continually make the comers thereunto perfect.
- BSB
- For the law is only a shadow of the good things to come, not the realities themselves. It can never, by the same sacrifices offered year after year, make perfect those who draw near to worship.
- Koinōnos
- For the Law, having a shadow of the good things to come — not the very form of those realities — is never able, by the same sacrifices that are offered year after year continuously, to perfect those who draw near.
HEB 10:2
- KJV
- For then would they not have ceased to be offered? because that the worshippers once purged should have had no more conscience of sins.
- BSB
- If it could, would not the offerings have ceased? For the worshipers would have been cleansed once for all, and would no longer have felt the guilt of their sins.
- Koinōnos
- Otherwise, would they not have ceased being offered? — since the worshipers, having been cleansed once, would no longer have any consciousness of sins.
HEB 10:3
- KJV
- But in those sacrifices there is a remembrance again made of sins every year.
- BSB
- Instead, those sacrifices are an annual reminder of sins,
- Koinōnos
- But in those sacrifices there is a yearly recall of sins,
HEB 10:4
- KJV
- For it is not possible that the blood of bulls and of goats should take away sins.
- BSB
- because it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins.
- Koinōnos
- for it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins.
HEB 10:5
- KJV
- Wherefore when he cometh into the world, he saith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldest not, but a body hast thou prepared me:
- BSB
- Therefore, when Christ came into the world, He said: “Sacrifice and offering You did not desire, but a body You prepared for Me.
- Koinōnos
- Therefore, coming into the world, he says: 'Sacrifice and offering you did not desire, but a body you prepared for me;
HEB 10:6
- KJV
- In burnt offerings and sacrifices for sin thou hast had no pleasure.
- BSB
- In burnt offerings and sin offerings You took no delight.
- Koinōnos
- in whole burnt offerings and sin offerings you took no pleasure.
HEB 10:7
- KJV
- Then said I, Lo, I come (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God.
- BSB
- Then I said, ‘Here I am, it is written about Me in the scroll: I have come to do Your will, O God.’”
- Koinōnos
- Then I said, See, I have come — in the scroll of the book it is written concerning me — to do your will, O God.
HEB 10:8
- KJV
- Above when he said, Sacrifice and offering and burnt offerings and offering for sin thou wouldest not, neither hadst pleasure therein; which are offered by the law;
- BSB
- In the passage above He says, “Sacrifices and offerings, burnt offerings and sin offerings You did not desire, nor did You delight in them” (although they are offered according to the law).
- Koinōnos
- Saying above, 'Sacrifices and offerings and whole burnt offerings and sin offerings you neither desired nor took pleasure in' — those which are offered according to the Law —
HEB 10:9
- KJV
- Then said he, Lo, I come to do thy will, O God. He taketh away the first, that he may establish the second.
- BSB
- Then He adds, “Here I am, I have come to do Your will.” He takes away the first to establish the second.
- Koinōnos
- then he has said, 'See, I have come to do your will.' He takes away the first in order to establish the second.
HEB 10:10
- KJV
- By the which will we are sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.
- BSB
- And by that will, we have been sanctified through the sacrifice of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.
- Koinōnos
- By that will we have been set apart through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.
HEB 10:11
- KJV
- And every priest standeth daily ministering and offering oftentimes the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins:
- BSB
- Day after day every priest stands to minister and to offer again and again the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins.
- Koinōnos
- And every priest stands daily, serving and offering the same sacrifices repeatedly, which are never able to take away sins;
HEB 10:12
- KJV
- But this man, after he had offered one sacrifice for sins for ever, sat down on the right hand of God;
- BSB
- But when this Priest had offered for all time one sacrifice for sins, He sat down at the right hand of God.
- Koinōnos
- but this one, having offered a single sacrifice for sins, sat down in perpetuity at the right hand of God,
HEB 10:13
- KJV
- From henceforth expecting till his enemies be made his footstool.
- BSB
- Since that time, He waits for His enemies to be made a footstool for His feet,
- Koinōnos
- from that point waiting until his enemies are placed as a footstool for his feet.
HEB 10:14
- KJV
- For by one offering he hath perfected for ever them that are sanctified.
- BSB
- because by a single offering He has made perfect for all time those who are being sanctified.
- Koinōnos
- For by a single offering he has brought to completion in perpetuity those who are being set apart.
HEB 10:15
- KJV
- Whereof the Holy Ghost also is a witness to us: for after that he had said before,
- BSB
- The Holy Spirit also testifies to us about this. First He says:
- Koinōnos
- And the Holy Spirit also bears witness to us; for after having said:
HEB 10:16
- KJV
- This is the covenant that I will make with them after those days, saith the Lord, I will put my laws into their hearts, and in their minds will I write them;
- BSB
- “This is the covenant I will make with them after those days, declares the Lord. I will put My laws in their hearts and inscribe them on their minds.”
- Koinōnos
- This is the covenant I will covenant with them after those days, says the Lord: giving my laws upon their hearts, I will also write them upon their understanding' —
HEB 10:17
- KJV
- And their sins and iniquities will I remember no more.
- BSB
- Then He adds: “Their sins and lawless acts I will remember no more.”
- Koinōnos
- and their sins and their lawless deeds I will remember no more.
HEB 10:18
- KJV
- Now where remission of these is, there is no more offering for sin.
- BSB
- And where these have been forgiven, an offering for sin is no longer needed.
- Koinōnos
- Now where there is remission of these, there is no longer an offering for sin.
Only verses where the wording diverges meaningfully are shown. Identical phrasings are suppressed.
Translator's notes
HEB 10:1
- A shadow:The word translated 'A shadow' here refers to a mere outline or silhouette, lacking the full substance and detail of the object it represents.
- form:The word translated 'form' carries the sense of a true likeness or exact representation, not just a general shape, but a precise copy.
- to perfect;:The word translated 'to perfect' means to bring something to its intended goal or completion, making it fully effective and fit for its purpose.
HEB 10:2
- conscience:The word translated 'conscience' originally referred to a shared knowledge or co-knowledge, implying an inner awareness or moral consciousness that judges one's actions.