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HEB 9:1-10

The Earthly Tabernacle

1Now the first covenant also had regulations for worship and its earthly sanctuary. [9:2] For a tabernacle was prepared — the first — in which were both the lampstand and the table and the presentation of the loaves; this is called the Holy Place. [9:3] And behind the second veil was the tabernacle called the Holy of Holies, [9:4] having the golden incense altar and the ark of the covenant overlaid all around with gold, in which were the golden jar holding the manna, and Aaron's rod that budded, and the tablets of the covenant; [9:5] and above it the cherubim of glory overshadowing the mercy seat — about which it is not the moment to speak in detail. [9:6] With these things prepared in this way, into the first tabernacle the priests enter at all times, performing the sacred services; [9:7] but into the second, only the high priest, once a year, not without blood, which he offers on behalf of himself and the ignorances of the people — [9:8] the Holy Spirit indicating this: the way into the Holy Places has not yet been made plain while the first tabernacle is still standing, [9:9] which is a parable for the present time — according to which both gifts and sacrifices are offered that are not able to perfect the worshiper with respect to conscience, [9:10] being only in matters of food and drink and various ritual immersions, regulations of the flesh imposed until the time of setting things right.

In the world it was spoken into

The description of the earthly tabernacle in Hebrews 9:1-10 would have resonated deeply with Jewish listeners familiar with Second-Temple worship practices. The tabernacle, with its divisions into the Holy Place and the Most Holy Place, was a physical representation of God’s presence and holiness, governed by strict (regulations) that ensured ritual purity. The furnishings—the lampstand, table of showbread, golden altar of incense, and ark of the covenant—were not merely objects but symbols of God’s covenant and provision. The (worship) conducted there involved precise rituals, including (ceremonial washings), which underscored the separation between the sacred and the profane. For Jewish listeners, this system was a tangible expression of their relationship with God, mediated through priests. However, the author frames this earthly tabernacle as a (symbol) of something greater, suggesting its limitations in fully accessing God’s presence. This would challenge listeners to reconsider the efficacy of the old covenant rituals in light of the new covenant.

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How other translations render this

HEB 9:1

KJV
Then verily the first covenant had also ordinances of divine service, and a worldly sanctuary.
BSB
Now the first covenant had regulations for worship and also an earthly sanctuary.
Koinōnos
Now the first covenant also had regulations for worship and its earthly sanctuary.

HEB 9:2

KJV
For there was a tabernacle made; the first, wherein was the candlestick, and the table, and the shewbread; which is called the sanctuary.
BSB
A tabernacle was prepared. In its first room were the lampstand, the table, and the consecrated bread. This was called the Holy Place.
Koinōnos
For a tabernacle was prepared — the first — in which were both the lampstand and the table and the presentation of the loaves; this is called the Holy Place.

HEB 9:3

KJV
And after the second veil, the tabernacle which is called the Holiest of all;
BSB
Behind the second curtain was a room called the Most Holy Place,
Koinōnos
And behind the second veil was the tabernacle called the Holy of Holies,

HEB 9:4

KJV
Which had the golden censer, and the ark of the covenant overlaid round about with gold, wherein was the golden pot that had manna, and Aaron’s rod that budded, and the tables of the covenant;
BSB
containing the golden altar of incense and the gold-covered ark of the covenant. Inside the ark were the gold jar of manna, Aaronʼs staff that had budded, and the stone tablets of the covenant.
Koinōnos
having the golden incense altar and the ark of the covenant overlaid all around with gold, in which were the golden jar holding the manna, and Aaron's rod that budded, and the tablets of the covenant;

HEB 9:5

KJV
And over it the cherubims of glory shadowing the mercyseat; of which we cannot now speak particularly.
BSB
Above the ark were the cherubim of glory, overshadowing the mercy seat. But we cannot discuss these things in detail now.
Koinōnos
and above it the cherubim of glory overshadowing the mercy seat — about which it is not the moment to speak in detail.

HEB 9:6

KJV
Now when these things were thus ordained, the priests went always into the first tabernacle, accomplishing the service of God.
BSB
When everything had been prepared in this way, the priests entered regularly into the first room to perform their sacred duties.
Koinōnos
With these things prepared in this way, into the first tabernacle the priests enter at all times, performing the sacred services;

HEB 9:7

KJV
But into the second went the high priest alone once every year, not without blood, which he offered for himself, and for the errors of the people:
BSB
But only the high priest entered the second room, and then only once a year, and never without blood, which he offered for himself and for the sins the people had committed in ignorance.
Koinōnos
but into the second, only the high priest, once a year, not without blood, which he offers on behalf of himself and the ignorances of the people —

HEB 9:8

KJV
The Holy Ghost this signifying, that the way into the holiest of all was not yet made manifest, while as the first tabernacle was yet standing:
BSB
By this arrangement the Holy Spirit was showing that the way into the Most Holy Place had not yet been disclosed as long as the first tabernacle was still standing.
Koinōnos
the Holy Spirit indicating this: the way into the Holy Places has not yet been made plain while the first tabernacle is still standing,

HEB 9:9

KJV
Which was a figure for the time then present, in which were offered both gifts and sacrifices, that could not make him that did the service perfect, as pertaining to the conscience;
BSB
It is an illustration for the present time, because the gifts and sacrifices being offered were unable to cleanse the conscience of the worshiper.
Koinōnos
which is a parable for the present time — according to which both gifts and sacrifices are offered that are not able to perfect the worshiper with respect to conscience,

HEB 9:10

KJV
Which stood only in meats and drinks, and divers washings, and carnal ordinances, imposed on them until the time of reformation.
BSB
They consist only in food and drink and special washings—external regulations imposed until the time of reform.
Koinōnos
being only in matters of food and drink and various ritual immersions, regulations of the flesh imposed until the time of setting things right.

Only verses where the wording diverges meaningfully are shown. Identical phrasings are suppressed.

Translator's notes

HEB 9:1

  • first:The word translated 'first' here refers to the initial or primary covenant, emphasizing its foundational role before the establishment of a new one.
  • tabernacle:The term used here for 'tabernacle' carries the sense of service or worship, highlighting its function as a place where religious duties and service to God were performed.

HEB 9:9

  • a symbol:The word translated 'a symbol' here means a comparison or an illustration, suggesting that the earthly tabernacle served as an analogy or a representation of a greater spiritual reality.

HEB 9:10

  • washings,:The word translated 'washings' refers specifically to ritual immersions or dippings, which were ceremonial acts of purification rather than ordinary bathing.