1Then another mighty angel came down from heaven, wrapped in a cloud, with a rainbow over his head; his face was like the sun, and his feet like pillars of fire. [10:2] He had a small scroll lying open in his hand. He set his right foot on the sea and his left on the land, [10:3] and cried out with a loud voice, as a lion roars. When he cried out, the seven thunders sounded their own voices. [10:4] When the seven thunders had spoken, John was about to write — then a voice from heaven spoke: "Seal up what the seven thunders said, and do not write it." [10:5] Then the angel, whom John had seen standing on the sea and on the land, raised his right hand toward heaven [10:6] and swore by the one who lives into the ages of the ages — who created the heaven and what is in it, the earth and what is in it, and the sea and what is in it — that there will be no more delay: [10:7] but in the days of the voice of the seventh angel, when he is about to sound his trumpet, the mystery of God will be brought to completion, as he announced as glad tidings to his bond-servants the prophets. [10:8] Then the voice from heaven spoke again to John: "Go, take the small scroll that lies open in the hand of the angel who stands on the sea and on the land." [10:9] John went to the angel and said, "Give me the small scroll." The angel said: "Take it and eat it. It will make your stomach bitter, but in your mouth it will be sweet as honey." [10:10] John took the small scroll from the angel's hand and ate it; in his mouth it was sweet as honey, but when he had eaten it, his stomach was made bitter. [10:11] And a voice said: "You must prophesy again over many peoples and nations and tongues and kings."
REV 10:1-11
The Angel and the Small Scroll
In the world it was spoken into
In the 1st-century Mediterranean world, visions of heavenly beings were often understood as divine revelations, particularly within Jewish apocalyptic literature. The imagery of the angel descending from heaven, clothed in a cloud with a rainbow and a face like the sun, draws on familiar prophetic and apocalyptic motifs, such as Ezekiel’s visions of divine glory (Ezekiel 1:28) and Daniel’s descriptions of celestial beings (Daniel 10:6). The small scroll contrasts with the larger scrolls of prophetic authority, suggesting a specific, focused message rather than a comprehensive revelation. The angel’s stance on the sea and earth symbolizes dominion over creation, a theme resonant with Jewish and Greco-Roman cosmological ideas. The seven thunders evoke the divine voice of judgment, akin to the thunder at Sinai (Exodus 19:16). The command to seal up what the thunders said aligns with the apocalyptic tradition of hidden knowledge , reserved for the appointed time . The instruction to prophesy again underscores the prophetic role of proclaiming divine truths to God’s servants , who were often seen as messengers of God’s will.
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How other translations render this
REV 10:1
- KJV
- And I saw another mighty angel come down from heaven, clothed with a cloud: and a rainbow was upon his head, and his face was as it were the sun, and his feet as pillars of fire:
- BSB
- Then I saw another mighty angel coming down from heaven, wrapped in a cloud, with a rainbow above his head. His face was like the sun, and his legs were like pillars of fire.
- Koinōnos
- Then another mighty angel came down from heaven, wrapped in a cloud, with a rainbow over his head; his face was like the sun, and his feet like pillars of fire.
REV 10:2
- KJV
- And he had in his hand a little book open: and he set his right foot upon the sea, and his left foot on the earth,
- BSB
- He held in his hand a small scroll, which lay open. He placed his right foot on the sea and his left foot on the land.
- Koinōnos
- He had a small scroll lying open in his hand. He set his right foot on the sea and his left on the land,
REV 10:3
- KJV
- And cried with a loud voice, as when a lion roareth: and when he had cried, seven thunders uttered their voices.
- BSB
- Then he cried out in a loud voice like the roar of a lion. And when he cried out, the seven thunders sounded their voices.
- Koinōnos
- and cried out with a loud voice, as a lion roars. When he cried out, the seven thunders sounded their own voices.
REV 10:4
- KJV
- And when the seven thunders had uttered their voices, I was about to write: and I heard a voice from heaven saying unto me, Seal up those things which the seven thunders uttered, and write them not.
- BSB
- When the seven thunders had spoken, I was about to put it in writing. But I heard a voice from heaven saying, “Seal up what the seven thunders have said, and do not write it down.”
- Koinōnos
- When the seven thunders had spoken, John was about to write — then a voice from heaven spoke: "Seal up what the seven thunders said, and do not write it.
REV 10:5
- KJV
- And the angel which I saw stand upon the sea and upon the earth lifted up his hand to heaven,
- BSB
- Then the angel I had seen standing on the sea and on the land lifted up his right hand to heaven.
- Koinōnos
- Then the angel, whom John had seen standing on the sea and on the land, raised his right hand toward heaven
REV 10:6
- KJV
- And sware by him that liveth for ever and ever, who created heaven, and the things that therein are, and the earth, and the things that therein are, and the sea, and the things which are therein, that there should be time no longer:
- BSB
- And he swore by Him who lives forever and ever, who created heaven and everything in it, the earth and everything in it, and the sea and everything in it: “There will be no more delay!
- Koinōnos
- and swore by the one who lives into the ages of the ages — who created the heaven and what is in it, the earth and what is in it, and the sea and what is in it — that there will be no more delay:
REV 10:7
- KJV
- But in the days of the voice of the seventh angel, when he shall begin to sound, the mystery of God should be finished, as he hath declared to his servants the prophets.
- BSB
- But in the days of the voice of the seventh angel, when he begins to sound his trumpet, the mystery of God will be fulfilled, just as He proclaimed to His servants the prophets.”
- Koinōnos
- but in the days of the voice of the seventh angel, when he is about to sound his trumpet, the mystery of God will be brought to completion, as he announced as glad tidings to his bond-servants the prophets.
REV 10:8
- KJV
- And the voice which I heard from heaven spake unto me again, and said, Go and take the little book which is open in the hand of the angel which standeth upon the sea and upon the earth.
- BSB
- Then the voice that I had heard from heaven spoke to me again, saying, “Go, take the small scroll that lies open in the hand of the angel standing on the sea and on the land.”
- Koinōnos
- Then the voice from heaven spoke again to John: "Go, take the small scroll that lies open in the hand of the angel who stands on the sea and on the land.
REV 10:9
- KJV
- And I went unto the angel, and said unto him, Give me the little book. And he said unto me, Take it, and eat it up; and it shall make thy belly bitter, but it shall be in thy mouth sweet as honey.
- BSB
- And I went to the angel and said, “Give me the small scroll.” “Take it and eat it,” he said. “It will make your stomach bitter, but in your mouth it will be as sweet as honey.”
- Koinōnos
- John went to the angel and said, "Give me the small scroll." The angel said: "Take it and eat it. It will make your stomach bitter, but in your mouth it will be sweet as honey.
REV 10:10
- KJV
- And I took the little book out of the angel’s hand, and ate it up; and it was in my mouth sweet as honey: and as soon as I had eaten it, my belly was bitter.
- BSB
- So I took the small scroll from the angelʼs hand and ate it; and it was as sweet as honey in my mouth, but when I had eaten it, my stomach turned bitter.
- Koinōnos
- John took the small scroll from the angel's hand and ate it; in his mouth it was sweet as honey, but when he had eaten it, his stomach was made bitter.
REV 10:11
- KJV
- And he said unto me, Thou must prophesy again before many peoples, and nations, and tongues, and kings.
- BSB
- And they told me, “You must prophesy again about many peoples and nations and tongues and kings.”
- Koinōnos
- And a voice said: "You must prophesy again over many peoples and nations and tongues and kings.
Only verses where the wording diverges meaningfully are shown. Identical phrasings are suppressed.
Translator's notes
REV 10:2
- a little scroll:The word translated 'a little scroll' is a diminutive form, emphasizing its small size and perhaps its personal or intimate nature, rather than a large, official document.
REV 10:6
- that:The term used here for 'that' refers to a specific period or duration of time, not merely a general concept of time passing.
REV 10:7
- mystery:The word translated 'mystery' in this context refers to a divine secret that has been hidden but is now being revealed, rather than something unknowable or puzzling.
- servants:The word translated 'servants' here more accurately conveys the status of a slave or bond-servant, highlighting complete submission and belonging to a master.