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REV 21:9-27

The New Jerusalem

9And one of the seven angels who had the seven bowls full of the seven last plagues came and spoke with me, saying, "Come, I will show you the bride, the wife of the Lamb." [21:10] And he carried me away in the Spirit to a great, high mountain, and showed me the holy city Jerusalem coming down out of heaven from God, [21:11] having the radiance of God, its brilliance like a most precious stone, like a jasper stone, clear as crystal. [21:12] It had a great, high wall with twelve gates, and at the gates twelve angels, and names inscribed on the gates, which are the names of the twelve tribes of the sons of Israel: [21:13] on the east three gates, on the north three gates, on the south three gates, and on the west three gates. [21:14] And the wall of the city had twelve foundations, and on them twelve names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb. [21:15] And the one speaking with me had a golden measuring rod to measure the city and its gates and its wall. [21:16] And the city lies foursquare, its length the same as its width. And he measured the city with the rod, twelve thousand stadia. Its length and width and height are equal. [21:17] And he measured its wall, a hundred and forty-four cubits, by a human measure, that is, an angel's measure. [21:18] And the structural material of its wall is jasper, and the city is pure gold, clear as glass. [21:19] The foundations of the wall of the city were adorned with every precious stone. The first foundation was jasper, the second sapphire, the third chalcedony, the fourth emerald, [21:20] the fifth sardonyx, the sixth carnelian, the seventh chrysolite, the eighth beryl, the ninth topaz, the tenth chrysoprase, the eleventh jacinth, the twelfth amethyst. [21:21] And the twelve gates were twelve pearls; each of the gates was made from a single pearl. And the broad thoroughfare of the city was pure gold, transparent as glass. [21:22] And I saw no temple in it, for the Lord God, the Almighty, is its temple, and the Lamb. [21:23] And the city has no need of the sun or the moon to shine on it, for the glory of God has illuminated it, and the Lamb is its lamp. [21:24] And the nations will walk by its light, and the kings of the earth will bring their glory into it. [21:25] And its gates will never be shut by day — for there will be no night there. [21:26] And they will bring the glory and the honor of the nations into it. [21:27] And nothing common or unclean will ever enter it, nor anyone who practices abomination and falsehood, but only those written in the Lamb's scroll of life.

In the world it was spoken into

In the first-century Greco-Roman world, cities were symbols of power, order, and civilization. The description of the New Jerusalem descending from heaven would have evoked imagery of imperial cities like Rome, Alexandria, or Ephesus, which were centers of wealth, governance, and religious devotion. However, unlike these earthly cities, the New Jerusalem is portrayed as holy, radiant, and divinely constructed, contrasting sharply with the corruption and idolatry associated with Roman urban centers. The use of (light-bearer) to describe its radiance would recall celestial imagery, aligning the city with divine glory rather than human achievement. The mention of (construction) emphasizes the city’s divine craftsmanship, contrasting with the human labor that built earthly cities. The (broad street) signifies openness and accessibility, unlike the narrow, crowded streets of Roman cities. The exclusion of (unclean or profane) reflects Jewish purity concerns, resonating with Second-Temple Jewish audiences who valued ritual and moral sanctity. This vision subverts Roman imperial ideology, presenting a city where God’s presence reigns supreme.

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How other translations render this

REV 21:9

KJV
And there came unto me one of the seven angels which had the seven vials full of the seven last plagues, and talked with me, saying, Come hither, I will shew thee the bride, the Lamb’s wife.
BSB
Then one of the seven angels with the seven bowls full of the seven final plagues came and said to me, “Come, I will show you the bride, the wife of the Lamb.”
Koinōnos
And one of the seven angels who had the seven bowls full of the seven last plagues came and spoke with me, saying, "Come, I will show you the bride, the wife of the Lamb.

REV 21:10

KJV
And he carried me away in the spirit to a great and high mountain, and shewed me that great city, the holy Jerusalem, descending out of heaven from God,
BSB
And he carried me away in the Spirit to a mountain great and high, and showed me the holy city of Jerusalem coming down out of heaven from God,
Koinōnos
And he carried me away in the Spirit to a great, high mountain, and showed me the holy city Jerusalem coming down out of heaven from God,

REV 21:11

KJV
Having the glory of God: and her light was like unto a stone most precious, even like a jasper stone, clear as crystal;
BSB
shining with the glory of God. Its radiance was like a most precious jewel, like a jasper, as clear as crystal.
Koinōnos
having the radiance of God, its brilliance like a most precious stone, like a jasper stone, clear as crystal.

REV 21:12

KJV
And had a wall great and high, and had twelve gates, and at the gates twelve angels, and names written thereon, which are the names of the twelve tribes of the children of Israel:
BSB
The city had a great and high wall with twelve gates inscribed with the names of the twelve tribes of Israel, and twelve angels at the gates.
Koinōnos
It had a great, high wall with twelve gates, and at the gates twelve angels, and names inscribed on the gates, which are the names of the twelve tribes of the sons of Israel:

REV 21:13

KJV
On the east three gates; on the north three gates; on the south three gates; and on the west three gates.
BSB
There were three gates on the east, three on the north, three on the south, and three on the west.
Koinōnos
on the east three gates, on the north three gates, on the south three gates, and on the west three gates.

REV 21:14

KJV
And the wall of the city had twelve foundations, and in them the names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb.
BSB
The wall of the city had twelve foundations bearing the names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb.
Koinōnos
And the wall of the city had twelve foundations, and on them twelve names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb.

REV 21:15

KJV
And he that talked with me had a golden reed to measure the city, and the gates thereof, and the wall thereof.
BSB
The angel who spoke with me had a golden measuring rod to measure the city and its gates and walls.
Koinōnos
And the one speaking with me had a golden measuring rod to measure the city and its gates and its wall.

REV 21:16

KJV
And the city lieth foursquare, and the length is as large as the breadth: and he measured the city with the reed, twelve thousand furlongs. The length and the breadth and the height of it are equal.
BSB
The city lies foursquare, with its width the same as its length. And he measured the city with the rod, and all its dimensions were equal—12,000 stadia in length and width and height.
Koinōnos
And the city lies foursquare, its length the same as its width. And he measured the city with the rod, twelve thousand stadia. Its length and width and height are equal.

REV 21:17

KJV
And he measured the wall thereof, an hundred and forty and four cubits, according to the measure of a man, that is, of the angel.
BSB
And he measured its wall to be 144 cubits, by the human measure the angel was using.
Koinōnos
And he measured its wall, a hundred and forty-four cubits, by a human measure, that is, an angel's measure.

REV 21:18

KJV
And the building of the wall of it was of jasper: and the city was pure gold, like unto clear glass.
BSB
The wall was made of jasper, and the city itself of pure gold, as pure as glass.
Koinōnos
And the structural material of its wall is jasper, and the city is pure gold, clear as glass.

REV 21:19

KJV
And the foundations of the wall of the city were garnished with all manner of precious stones. The first foundation was jasper; the second, sapphire; the third, a chalcedony; the fourth, an emerald;
BSB
The foundations of the city walls were adorned with every kind of precious stone: The first foundation was jasper, the second sapphire, the third chalcedony, the fourth emerald,
Koinōnos
The foundations of the wall of the city were adorned with every precious stone. The first foundation was jasper, the second sapphire, the third chalcedony, the fourth emerald,

REV 21:20

KJV
The fifth, sardonyx; the sixth, sardius; the seventh, chrysolyte; the eighth, beryl; the ninth, a topaz; the tenth, a chrysoprasus; the eleventh, a jacinth; the twelfth, an amethyst.
BSB
the fifth sardonyx, the sixth carnelian, the seventh chrysolite, the eighth beryl, the ninth topaz, the tenth chrysoprase, the eleventh jacinth, and the twelfth amethyst.
Koinōnos
the fifth sardonyx, the sixth carnelian, the seventh chrysolite, the eighth beryl, the ninth topaz, the tenth chrysoprase, the eleventh jacinth, the twelfth amethyst.

REV 21:21

KJV
And the twelve gates were twelve pearls: every several gate was of one pearl: and the street of the city was pure gold, as it were transparent glass.
BSB
And the twelve gates were twelve pearls, with each gate consisting of a single pearl. The main street of the city was pure gold, as clear as glass.
Koinōnos
And the twelve gates were twelve pearls; each of the gates was made from a single pearl. And the broad thoroughfare of the city was pure gold, transparent as glass.

REV 21:22

KJV
And I saw no temple therein: for the Lord God Almighty and the Lamb are the temple of it.
BSB
But I saw no temple in the city, because the Lord God Almighty and the Lamb are its temple.
Koinōnos
And I saw no temple in it, for the Lord God, the Almighty, is its temple, and the Lamb.

REV 21:23

KJV
And the city had no need of the sun, neither of the moon, to shine in it: for the glory of God did lighten it, and the Lamb is the light thereof.
BSB
And the city has no need of sun or moon to shine on it, because the glory of God illuminates the city, and the Lamb is its lamp.
Koinōnos
And the city has no need of the sun or the moon to shine on it, for the glory of God has illuminated it, and the Lamb is its lamp.

REV 21:24

KJV
And the nations of them which are saved shall walk in the light of it: and the kings of the earth do bring their glory and honour into it.
BSB
By its light the nations will walk, and into it the kings of the earth will bring their glory.
Koinōnos
And the nations will walk by its light, and the kings of the earth will bring their glory into it.

REV 21:25

KJV
And the gates of it shall not be shut at all by day: for there shall be no night there.
BSB
Its gates will never be shut at the end of the day, because there will be no night there.
Koinōnos
And its gates will never be shut by day — for there will be no night there.

REV 21:26

KJV
And they shall bring the glory and honour of the nations into it.
BSB
And into the city will be brought the glory and honor of the nations.
Koinōnos
And they will bring the glory and the honor of the nations into it.

REV 21:27

KJV
And there shall in no wise enter into it any thing that defileth, neither whatsoever worketh abomination, or maketh a lie: but they which are written in the Lamb’s book of life.
BSB
But nothing unclean will ever enter it, nor anyone who practices an abomination or a lie, but only those whose names are written in the Lambʼs Book of Life.
Koinōnos
And nothing common or unclean will ever enter it, nor anyone who practices abomination and falsehood, but only those written in the Lamb's scroll of life.

Only verses where the wording diverges meaningfully are shown. Identical phrasings are suppressed.

Translator's notes

REV 21:11

  • The:The word translated 'light' here refers to a celestial body or a source of illumination, emphasizing its radiant quality rather than just its function.

REV 21:18

  • the:The term used here for 'material' specifically denotes a built-in structure or foundation, often referring to something substantial like a mole or breakwater.

REV 21:21

  • street:The word translated 'street' implies a wide, broad thoroughfare, not just any path or road, suggesting spaciousness and prominence.

REV 21:27

  • unsanctified:The word translated 'unsanctified' literally means 'common' or 'ordinary,' implying something not set apart or consecrated, rather than inherently evil.