1Brothers, my heart's desire and the supplication to God on their behalf is for salvation — is for salvation. [10:2] For I bear witness about them that they have zeal for God, but not according to knowledge. [10:3] For being ignorant of the righteousness of God and seeking to establish their own righteousness, to the righteousness of God they did not submit — they did not submit. [10:4] For the end of the law is Christ, unto righteousness to everyone who is believing. [10:5] For Moses writes that the righteousness that is of the law — the person having done it will live by it. [10:6] But the righteousness of faith speaks thus: 'Do not say in your heart, Who will ascend into heaven?' — that is, to bring Christ down — [10:7] 'or, Who will descend into the abyss?' — that is, to bring Christ up out from the dead. [10:8] But what does it say? 'Near you is the declaration, in your mouth and in your heart' — that is, the declaration of faith which we proclaim; [10:9] for if you confess with your mouth that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God raised Him out from the dead, you will be saved; [10:10] for with the heart belief is exercised unto righteousness, and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation. [10:11] For the Scripture says: 'Everyone who is believing on Him will not be put to shame.' [10:12] For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek — for the same Lord is Lord of all, being rich toward all who call on Him. [10:13] For 'Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.' [10:14] How then will they call on Him in whom they have not believed? And how will they believe in Him of whom they have not heard? And how will they hear without one proclaiming? [10:15] And how will they proclaim unless they are sent? As it is written: 'How beautiful are the feet of those who bring good news of good things!' [10:16] But not all obeyed the good news. For Isaiah says: 'Lord, who believed our report?' [10:17] So faith is from hearing, and hearing through a word of Christ. [10:18] But I say — did they not hear? Yes indeed: 'Their voice went out into all the earth, and their words to the ends of the world.' [10:19] But I say — did Israel not know? First Moses says: 'I will provoke you to jealousy by those who are not a nation; by a foolish nation I will make you angry.' [10:20] Then Isaiah dares and says: 'I was found by those who did not seek me; I became manifest to those who did not ask for me.' [10:21] But to Israel he says: 'All day long I held out my hands to a disobedient and contrary people.'
ROM 10:1-21
The Word Brings Salvation
In the world it was spoken into
In this passage, Paul addresses Jewish listeners who are zealous for God but misunderstand the nature of righteousness. In the 1st-century Jewish context, zeal often manifested in strict adherence to the Torah and resistance to foreign influence, as seen in movements like the Maccabees. However, Paul critiques their zeal as misguided because it seeks to establish their own righteousness through the law rather than submitting to God’s righteousness. The term (righteousness) here refers to a status granted by God, not earned through human effort. Paul contrasts this with the law’s righteousness, which Moses describes as life for those who obey it. Yet, Paul argues that Christ is the (end/goal) of the law, fulfilling its purpose and extending righteousness to all who believe. This would challenge Jewish listeners who saw the law as the ultimate expression of faithfulness to God, while also inviting Gentiles into God’s covenant without requiring adherence to Jewish customs.
›See the receipts
How other translations render this
ROM 10:1
- KJV
- Brethren, my heart’s desire and prayer to God for Israel is, that they might be saved.
- BSB
- Brothers, my heartʼs desire and prayer to God for the Israelites is for their salvation.
- Koinōnos
- Brothers, my heart's desire and the supplication to God on their behalf is for salvation — is for salvation.
ROM 10:2
- KJV
- For I bear them record that they have a zeal of God, but not according to knowledge.
- BSB
- For I testify about them that they are zealous for God, but not on the basis of knowledge.
- Koinōnos
- For I bear witness about them that they have zeal for God, but not according to knowledge.
ROM 10:3
- KJV
- For they being ignorant of God’s righteousness, and going about to establish their own righteousness, have not submitted themselves unto the righteousness of God.
- BSB
- Because they were ignorant of Godʼs righteousness and sought to establish their own, they did not submit to Godʼs righteousness.
- Koinōnos
- For being ignorant of the righteousness of God and seeking to establish their own righteousness, to the righteousness of God they did not submit — they did not submit.
ROM 10:4
- KJV
- For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to every one that believeth.
- BSB
- For Christ is the end of the law, to bring righteousness to everyone who believes.
- Koinōnos
- For the end of the law is Christ, unto righteousness to everyone who is believing.
ROM 10:5
- KJV
- For Moses describeth the righteousness which is of the law, That the man which doeth those things shall live by them.
- BSB
- For concerning the righteousness that is by the law, Moses writes: “The man who does these things will live by them.”
- Koinōnos
- For Moses writes that the righteousness that is of the law — the person having done it will live by it.
ROM 10:6
- KJV
- But the righteousness which is of faith speaketh on this wise, Say not in thine heart, Who shall ascend into heaven? (that is, to bring Christ down from above:)
- BSB
- But the righteousness that is by faith says: “Do not say in your heart, ‘Who will ascend into heaven?’ (that is, to bring Christ down)
- Koinōnos
- But the righteousness of faith speaks thus: 'Do not say in your heart, Who will ascend into heaven?' — that is, to bring Christ down —
ROM 10:7
- KJV
- Or, Who shall descend into the deep? (that is, to bring up Christ again from the dead.)
- BSB
- or, ‘Who will descend into the Abyss?’ (that is, to bring Christ up from the dead).”
- Koinōnos
- or, Who will descend into the abyss?' — that is, to bring Christ up out from the dead.
ROM 10:8
- KJV
- But what saith it? The word is nigh thee, even in thy mouth, and in thy heart: that is, the word of faith, which we preach;
- BSB
- But what does it say? “The word is near you; it is in your mouth and in your heart,” that is, the word of faith we are proclaiming:
- Koinōnos
- But what does it say? 'Near you is the declaration, in your mouth and in your heart' — that is, the declaration of faith which we proclaim;
ROM 10:9
- KJV
- That if thou shalt confess with thy mouth the Lord Jesus, and shalt believe in thine heart that God hath raised him from the dead, thou shalt be saved.
- BSB
- that if you confess with your mouth, “Jesus is Lord,” and believe in your heart that God raised Him from the dead, you will be saved.
- Koinōnos
- for if you confess with your mouth that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God raised Him out from the dead, you will be saved;
ROM 10:10
- KJV
- For with the heart man believeth unto righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation.
- BSB
- For with your heart you believe and are justified, and with your mouth you confess and are saved.
- Koinōnos
- for with the heart belief is exercised unto righteousness, and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation.
ROM 10:11
- KJV
- For the scripture saith, Whosoever believeth on him shall not be ashamed.
- BSB
- It is just as the Scripture says: “Anyone who believes in Him will never be put to shame.”
- Koinōnos
- For the Scripture says: 'Everyone who is believing on Him will not be put to shame.
ROM 10:12
- KJV
- For there is no difference between the Jew and the Greek: for the same Lord over all is rich unto all that call upon him.
- BSB
- For there is no difference between Jew and Greek: The same Lord is Lord of all, and gives richly to all who call on Him,
- Koinōnos
- For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek — for the same Lord is Lord of all, being rich toward all who call on Him.
ROM 10:13
- KJV
- For whosoever shall call upon the name of the Lord shall be saved.
- BSB
- for, “Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.”
- Koinōnos
- For 'Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.
ROM 10:14
- KJV
- How then shall they call on him in whom they have not believed? and how shall they believe in him of whom they have not heard? and how shall they hear without a preacher?
- BSB
- How then can they call on the One in whom they have not believed? And how can they believe in the One of whom they have not heard? And how can they hear without someone to preach?
- Koinōnos
- How then will they call on Him in whom they have not believed? And how will they believe in Him of whom they have not heard? And how will they hear without one proclaiming?
ROM 10:15
- KJV
- And how shall they preach, except they be sent? as it is written, How beautiful are the feet of them that preach the gospel of peace, and bring glad tidings of good things!
- BSB
- And how can they preach unless they are sent? As it is written: “How beautiful are the feet of those who bring good news!”
- Koinōnos
- And how will they proclaim unless they are sent? As it is written: 'How beautiful are the feet of those who bring good news of good things!
ROM 10:16
- KJV
- But they have not all obeyed the gospel. For Esaias saith, Lord, who hath believed our report?
- BSB
- But not all of them welcomed the good news. For Isaiah says, “Lord, who has believed our message?”
- Koinōnos
- But not all obeyed the good news. For Isaiah says: 'Lord, who believed our report?
ROM 10:17
- KJV
- So then faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the word of God.
- BSB
- Consequently, faith comes by hearing, and hearing by the word of Christ.
- Koinōnos
- So faith is from hearing, and hearing through a word of Christ.
ROM 10:18
- KJV
- But I say, Have they not heard? Yes verily, their sound went into all the earth, and their words unto the ends of the world.
- BSB
- But I ask, did they not hear? Indeed they did: “Their voice has gone out into all the earth, their words to the ends of the world.”
- Koinōnos
- But I say — did they not hear? Yes indeed: 'Their voice went out into all the earth, and their words to the ends of the world.
ROM 10:19
- KJV
- But I say, Did not Israel know? First Moses saith, I will provoke you to jealousy by them that are no people, and by a foolish nation I will anger you.
- BSB
- I ask instead, did Israel not understand? First, Moses says: “I will make you jealous by those who are not a nation; I will make you angry by a nation without understanding.”
- Koinōnos
- But I say — did Israel not know? First Moses says: 'I will provoke you to jealousy by those who are not a nation; by a foolish nation I will make you angry.
ROM 10:20
- KJV
- But Esaias is very bold, and saith, I was found of them that sought me not; I was made manifest unto them that asked not after me.
- BSB
- And Isaiah boldly says: “I was found by those who did not seek Me; I revealed Myself to those who did not ask for Me.”
- Koinōnos
- Then Isaiah dares and says: 'I was found by those who did not seek me; I became manifest to those who did not ask for me.
ROM 10:21
- KJV
- But to Israel he saith, All day long I have stretched forth my hands unto a disobedient and gainsaying people.
- BSB
- But as for Israel he says: “All day long I have held out My hands to a disobedient and obstinate people.”
- Koinōnos
- But to Israel he says: 'All day long I held out my hands to a disobedient and contrary people.
Only verses where the wording diverges meaningfully are shown. Identical phrasings are suppressed.
Where the historical framing draws from
- Josephus, WarsWars 2.9.2
- Josephus, WarsWars 2.8.1
›Josephus, Wars Wars 2.9.2
“This excited a very great tumult among the Jews when it was day; for those that were near them were astonished at the sight of them, as indications that their laws were trodden under foot”
Cited to ground: In the 1st-century Jewish context, zeal often manifested in strict adherence to the Torah and resistance to foreign influence
›Josephus, Wars Wars 2.8.1
“Under his administration it was that a certain Galilean, whose name was Judas, prevailed with his countrymen to revolt, and said they were cowards if they would endure to pay a tax to the Romans”
Cited to ground: In the 1st-century Jewish context, zeal often manifested in strict adherence to the Torah and resistance to foreign influence, as seen in movements like the Maccabees.
Translator's notes
ROM 10:1
- desire:The word translated 'desire' here carries the sense of a strong, favorable inclination or good will, often implying a deep-seated wish or purpose, especially when referring to God's disposition.
ROM 10:2
- zeal:The term used here for 'zeal' could refer to either intense passion or jealousy. In this context, it implies an ardent, fervent devotion, but the word itself could also be used negatively.
ROM 10:3
- righteousness:The word translated 'righteousness' refers to a state of being in right relationship with God, often implying conformity to divine standards or the fulfillment of legal and moral obligations.
ROM 10:4
- [The] end:The word translated '[the] end' here means not just a termination, but a goal, purpose, or fulfillment. It suggests the culmination or objective toward which something is directed.