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TIT 2:1-10

Teaching Sound Doctrine

1But as for you, speak what is fitting for sound teaching. [2:2] Older men are to be sober, dignified, sensible, sound in faith, in love, in endurance. [2:3] Older women likewise are to be reverent in behavior, not malicious accusers, not enslaved to much wine, teachers of what is good — [2:4] so that they may train the younger women to love their husbands, to love their children, [2:5] to be sensible, pure, busy at home, kind, subject to their own husbands, so that the word of God will not be blasphemed. [2:6] Urge the younger men likewise to be sensible — [2:7] in all things showing yourself as a pattern of good works, with purity in teaching, with dignity, [2:8] with sound speech that is above reproach, so that the opponent will be put to shame, having nothing bad to say about us. [2:9] Bond-servants are to be subject to their own masters in everything, well-pleasing, not arguing back, [2:10] not stealing, but showing all good faith, so that they may adorn the teaching of God our Savior in all things.

In the world it was spoken into

In the 1st-century Greco-Roman household, social order was maintained through clearly defined roles and expectations. The household was the foundational unit of society, and its stability was seen as essential for the stability of the broader community. Older men were expected to embody dignity and self-control, serving as moral exemplars. Older women were to avoid behaviors like slander and excessive drinking, which could disrupt household harmony, and instead mentor younger women in managing the home and fostering familial loyalty. Younger men were urged to exercise self-control, aligning with Stoic ideals of moderation. The emphasis on sound doctrine reflects a concern for maintaining communal integrity and avoiding behaviors that could bring shame or discredit to the Christian community. The passage underscores the importance of each member’s conduct in preserving the household’s honor and, by extension, the reputation of the faith.

See the receipts

How other translations render this

TIT 2:1

KJV
But speak thou the things which become sound doctrine:
BSB
But as for you, speak the things that are consistent with sound doctrine.
Koinōnos
But as for you, speak what is fitting for sound teaching.

TIT 2:2

KJV
That the aged men be sober, grave, temperate, sound in faith, in charity, in patience.
BSB
Older men are to be temperate, dignified, self-controlled, and sound in faith, love, and perseverance.
Koinōnos
Older men are to be sober, dignified, sensible, sound in faith, in love, in endurance.

TIT 2:3

KJV
The aged women likewise, that they be in behaviour as becometh holiness, not false accusers, not given to much wine, teachers of good things;
BSB
Older women, likewise, are to be reverent in their behavior, not slanderers or addicted to much wine, but teachers of good.
Koinōnos
Older women likewise are to be reverent in behavior, not malicious accusers, not enslaved to much wine, teachers of what is good —

TIT 2:4

KJV
That they may teach the young women to be sober, to love their husbands, to love their children,
BSB
In this way they can train the young women to love their husbands and children,
Koinōnos
so that they may train the younger women to love their husbands, to love their children,

TIT 2:5

KJV
To be discreet, chaste, keepers at home, good, obedient to their own husbands, that the word of God be not blasphemed.
BSB
to be self-controlled, pure, managers of their households, kind, and submissive to their own husbands, so that the word of God will not be discredited.
Koinōnos
to be sensible, pure, busy at home, kind, subject to their own husbands, so that the word of God will not be blasphemed.

TIT 2:6

KJV
Young men likewise exhort to be sober minded.
BSB
In the same way, urge the younger men to be self-controlled.
Koinōnos
Urge the younger men likewise to be sensible —

TIT 2:7

KJV
In all things shewing thyself a pattern of good works: in doctrine shewing uncorruptness, gravity, sincerity,
BSB
In everything, show yourself to be an example by doing good works. In your teaching show integrity, dignity,
Koinōnos
in all things showing yourself as a pattern of good works, with purity in teaching, with dignity,

TIT 2:8

KJV
Sound speech, that cannot be condemned; that he that is of the contrary part may be ashamed, having no evil thing to say of you.
BSB
and wholesome speech that is above reproach, so that anyone who opposes us will be ashamed, having nothing bad to say about us.
Koinōnos
with sound speech that is above reproach, so that the opponent will be put to shame, having nothing bad to say about us.

TIT 2:9

KJV
Exhort servants to be obedient unto their own masters, and to please them well in all things; not answering again;
BSB
Slaves are to submit to their own masters in everything, to be well-pleasing, not argumentative,
Koinōnos
Bond-servants are to be subject to their own masters in everything, well-pleasing, not arguing back,

TIT 2:10

KJV
Not purloining, but shewing all good fidelity; that they may adorn the doctrine of God our Saviour in all things.
BSB
not stealing from them, but showing all good faith, so that in every respect they will adorn the teaching about God our Savior.
Koinōnos
not stealing, but showing all good faith, so that they may adorn the teaching of God our Savior in all things.

Only verses where the wording diverges meaningfully are shown. Identical phrasings are suppressed.

Where the historical framing draws from

  • Josephus, WarsWars 2.8.2
Josephus, Wars Wars 2.8.2

These Essens reject pleasures as an evil, but esteem continence, and the conquest over our passions, to be virtue.

Cited to ground: Younger men were urged to exercise self-control, aligning with Stoic ideals of moderation.

Translator's notes

TIT 2:3

  • slanderers,:The word translated 'slanderers' is the same term used for the Devil, carrying the sense of one who maliciously accuses and divides through false charges.
  • enslaved,:The term translated 'enslaved' implies being completely under the power or influence of something, much like a slave is owned and controlled by a master.

TIT 2:4

  • they may train:The word translated 'they may train' suggests the act of bringing someone to their senses or instilling self-control and sound judgment, often through correction or discipline.

TIT 2:5

  • busy at home:The phrase 'busy at home' describes someone who is a diligent and careful manager of their household, actively involved in its care and upkeep.